Advances in Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity

It is nearly a decade since the first Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity conference was held in Pittsburgh. The continuing public/scientific interest, growing amounts of animal data, introduction of innovative technologies, and increasing quantity of human epidemiological studies all suggest that male-mediated developmental toxicity is of major concern. A number of researchers concluded that a Second International Confer ence on Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity was necessary. The ensuing volume is particularly timely because it impacts on areas of special emphasis in many countries, with respect to children's and reproductive health, as well as to basic molecular mecha nisms of environmental insult, and genetic susceptibility and predisposition. The Programme and Local Organizing Committee, composed of Barbara Hales (Chair, McGill University), BernardRobaire (McGill University), Daniel G. Cyr (INRS/ Armand Frappier), Jacquetta M. Trasler (McGill University), Andrew F. Olshan (Uni versity of North Carolina), Sally Perreault Damey (US EPA), Donald R. Mattison (March of Dimes), and Jan M. Friedman (University of British Columbia), spent over two years identifying individuals who had made key contributions in this field over the past decade and planning various aspects of the meeting. The meeting was held in Montreal in June 2001. A total of 132 persons, coming from five continents and representing some 18countries, took an active role in the proceedings. The conference was considered by all attendees to be a rousing success. Important discussions were held in the four break-out sessions, with a preliminary set of recommendations for action being presented by each panel.

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This volume highlights major contributions that identify new developments and directions in the field over the past decade, as well as challenges for the foreseeable future. An integration of information from laboratory and epidemiological studies, male reproduction and teratology can be found throughout the volume. The range of topics include parental legacies and genomics, lifestyle, occupational and therapeutic paternal exposures and effects; effects on the gamete-packaging of human sperm; role of DNA repair and germ cell apoptosis; stem cells, epigenetics and closing; model systems and implications to clinicians and general counselors.

Inhalt
Gender-Specificity of Gamete Susceptibilities to Exposures.- 1. Female-Specific Reproductive Toxicities Following Preconception Exposure to Xenobiotics.- 2. Overview of Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity.- Exposures and Effects: Occupational and Environmental.- 3. Epidemiologic Evidence on Biological and Environmental Male Factors in Embryonic Loss.- 4. Mechanisms of Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity Induced by Lead.- 5. Paternal Exposure to Known Mutagens and Health of the Offspring:.- 6. FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) to Detect Effects of Smoking, Caffeine, and Alcohol on Human Sperm Chromosomes.- Markers of Sperm Damage and Germ Line Genotoxicity.- 7. Sperm Nuclear DNA Damage in the Human.- 8. The Human SpermatozoonNot Waving but Drowning.- 9. Model Systems for Studying Germ Cell Mutagens: From Flies to Mammals.- 10. Germline Mutation Induction at Mouse and Human Tandem Repeat DNA Loci.- 11. PAINT/DAPI Analysis of Mouse Zygotes to Detect Paternally Transmitted Chromosomal Aberrations.- Exposures and Effects: Causes of Cancer and Consequences of Treatment.- 12. Paternal Occupation and Childhood Cancer.- 13. Radiation and Malformations in a Murine Model.- 14. Mechanisms of Action of Cyclophosphamide as a Male-Mediated Developmental Toxicant.- 15. Chromosome Abnormalities in Human Sperm.- Pregnancy Outcome.- 16. Distinguishing between Fertilization Failure and Early Pregnancy Loss when Identifying Male-Mediated Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.- 17. ICSI, Male Pronuclear Remodeling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints.- 18. Increased Incidence of Malformations in the Offspring of Male Mice Prenatally Exposed to Synthetic Estrogens.- Strategies for Prevention.- 19. Implications of Research in Male-Mediated Developmental Toxicity to Clinical Counsellors, Regulators,and Occupational Safety Officers.- 20. Restoration of Spermatogenesis after Exposure to Toxicants: Genetic Implications.- Future Directions.- 21. Epigenetics: Role of Germ Cell Imprinting.- 22. Efficiency and Safety of Animal Cloning.- Workshop Reports.- 23. Integrating New Tests of Sperm Genetic Integrity into Semen Analysis: Breakout Group Discussion.- 24. Risk Assessment.- 25. Study Designs for the Assessment of Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity.- 26. Translational Research in Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity.- 285.- 287.