Chemistry of Tin

In common with the editor of the first edition, my own personal involvement with tin chemistry began when I had the privilege of studying for a PhD degree under the supervision of Professor Alwyn G. Davies FRS at University College London (UCL) almost exactly 30 years ago. Then, following 21 years' service with the International Tin Research Institute, it was a great pleasure for me when the wheel turned full circle and, in 1994, Alwyn - now an Emeritus Professor - asked me to return to UCL as an Honorary Research Fellow in the Chemistry Department. One of my first tasks was when I received an invitation from Blackie A&P to edit the second edition of the Chemistry of Tin, which I was delighted to accept, since it enabled me to continued my life-long interest in tin chemistry and to maintain contact with my former friends and colleagues, many of whom have contributed to this book.

Inhalt
1 Tin-the element.- 1.1 From earliest times.- 1.2 Occurrence.- 1.3 Physical properties of metallic tin.- 1.4 Chemical reactions.- References.- 2 Compounds of tin: general trends.- 2.1 Electronegativity values, ionization potentials and elemental radii.- 2.2 Enthalpies of formation and bond energy data.- 2.3 Multiple bond formation.- 2.4 Structure and bonding in bivalent compounds.- 2.5 Structural behaviour of tetravalent tin compounds.- 2.6 Mixed-valence compounds.- 2.7 Compounds with metal-metal bonds.- 2.8 Theoretical studies of reaction pathways.- References.- 3 The inorganic chemistry of tin.- 3.1 Tin(II) chemistry.- 3.2 Tin(IV) chemistry.- 3.3 Mixed-valence tin compounds.- References.- 4 Formation and cleavage of the tin-carbon bond.- 4.1 Preparation of tin(IV)carbon bonds.- 4.2 Cleavage of carbon-tin bonds.- References.- 5 Organometallic compounds of tetravalent tin.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Introducing reactivity: synthetic precursors to functionalized organotin(IV) compounds.- 5.3 Construction and reactivity of Sn-element bonds.- 5.4 Structural variations.- References.- 6 Organometallic compounds of bivalent tin.- 6.1 Introduction and review articles.- 6.2 ?-Bonded compounds.- 6.3 ?-Bonded complexes.- References.- 7 Tin-metal bonded compounds.- 7.1 Tinalkali metal compounds.- 7.2 TinGroup 2 metal compounds.- 7.3 Scandium, yttrium, lanthanides and actinides.- 7.4 Titanium, zirconium and hafnium.- 7.5 Vanadium, niobium and tantalum.- 7.6 Chromium, molybdenum and tungsten.- 7.7 Manganese, technetium and rhenium.- 7.8 Iron, ruthenium and osmium.- 7.9 Cobalt, rhodium and iridium.- 7.10 Nickel, palladium and platinum.- 7.11 Copper, silver and gold.- 7.12 Zinc, cadmium and mercury.- 7.13 Boron, aluminium, indium and thallium.- 7.14 Antimony and bismuth.- 7.15Silicon, germanium and lead.- 7.16 Tintin bonded compounds.- 7.17 Structure and bonding.- References.- 8 Radical chemistry of tin.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Organotin radicals.- 8.3 Homolytic reactions at the ligands in organotin compounds.- 8.4 Homolytic reactions at the tin centre.- 8.5 Organotin radical ions.- References.- 9 The uses of organotin compounds in organic synthesis.- 9.1 Applications of tin-hydrogen bonded compounds.- 9.2 Applications of tincarbon bonded compounds.- 9.3 Applications oftinheteroatom bonded compounds.- References.- 10 Recent studies on the mode of biological action of di- and trialkyltin compounds.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Neurotoxicity.- 10.3 Immunotoxicity.- 10.4 Cellular and biochemical aspects of the activity manifestation.- 10.5 Conclusion.- Abbreviations.- References.- 11 Health and safety aspects of tin chemicals.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Inorganic tin compounds.- 11.3 Organotin compounds.- 11.4 Manufacturers of tin chemicals.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 12 Industrial uses of tin chemicals.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 The plastics industry.- 12.3 Glass and ceramics.- 12.4 Electroplating.- 12.5 Biocidal applications.- 12.6 Heterogeneous catalysts.- 12.7 Pharmaceuticals.- 12.8 Fire prevention.- 12.9 Miscellaneous uses.- References.- 13 Solid state NMR spectroscopy of tin compounds.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 The early period (1978-1985).- 13.3 Compounds with four tin-carbon bonds.- 13.4 Organotin halides.- 13.5 Compounds with tin-oxygen bonds.- 13.6 Compounds with Sn-S, Sn-Se and Sn-Te bonds.- 13.7 Compounds with Sn-B and Sn-N bonds.- 13.8 Coordination complexes derived from R2SnCl2.- 13.9 Miscellaneous organotin compounds.- 13.10 Other measurements.- 13.11 13C measurements.- 13.12 Inorganic tin compounds.- References.- 14119mSn Mössbauer studies on tin compounds.- 14.1 Introduction.- 14.2 Hyperfine interactions and parameters.- 14.3 Instrumentation and experimental procedures.- 14.4 Treatment of spectral data.- 14.5 Isomer shift: fingerprint criteria.- 14.6 Nuclear quadrupole splitting: fingerprint criteria.- 14.7 Structure and bonding.- 14.8 Dynamics of Mössbauer nuclei.- 14.9 Applications to materials, and environmental interactions.- 14.10 Applications to tin industry.- References.- 15 The analysis of organotin compounds from the natural environment.- 15.1 Introduction.- 15.2 Analysis of inorganic tin compounds.- 15.3 Analysis of organotin compounds.- 15.4 Conclusion.- Abbreviations.- References.