Quantitative Traits Breeding for Multifunctional Grasslands and Turf

Grasslands are among the largest ecosystems in the world and consequently are of great importance to mankind. The genotypes of the species which are the main components of the grasslands have great influence on total outcome and successful utilization of grasslands. Therefore fodder crops and turf swards should be constantly improved to follow modern trends in agriculture production and landscape architecture. The wide range of breeding programs for forage and amenity species, as well as new breeding methods and techniques, is rapidly expanding the boundaries and is making it possible to achieve outstanding breeding results. This book includes papers presented at the 30th EUCARPIA Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section Meeting. The challenging title of the book focuses on breeding of quantitative traits, which directly impact the profitability and sustainability of grasslands and fodder crops production, as well as on multidisciplinary approach in grassland research and utilisation. Included papers offer a unique collection of ideas and breakthroughs in the fields of fodder crops and amenity grasses breeding and genetics, as well as in the creative and innovative application of new tools in practical breeding.

Shows advances in grasses and legumes breeding and genetic resources Offers a unique collection of different ideas and breakthroughs in fodder crops and turf breeding Gathers the knowledge about creative and innovative application of new molecular methods in practical breeding

Klappentext

This book includes papers presented at the 30th EUCARPIA Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section Meeting.

Grasslands are among the largest ecosystems in the world and consequently are of great importance to human populations. They constitute a third of all agriculture land in Europe, and have played a major role in the development of agriculture and rural economy in many parts of Europe, from ancient times to the present day. Grasslands are an important source of animal feed, particularly for ruminants. They provide most of feeds, not only during the grazing season, but also during winter staple housing. In addition, grasslands both protect and utilise marginal soils that are unsuitable for arable cropping.

European grasslands provide the highest number of ecosystem services of all agricultural production systems. They preserve the biodiversity, including the forage species, and provide undisturbed habitats for species originally present in natural ecosystems. At the same time, grasslands protect soil, improve water quality and recover natural habitat through the reduction of nutrient losses, soil water evaporation and water and wind erosion, as well as by limiting leaching of nitrate and pesticides.

The genotypes of the species which are the main components of the grasslands have great influence on total outcome and successful utilization of grasslands. In order to adhere to the latest practices and trends in agriculture production and landscape architecture, it is therefore important to continuously improve fodder crops and turf swards. The wide range of breeding programs for forage and amenity species, as well as new breeding methods and techniques, is rapidly expanding the boundaries and is making it possible to achieve outstanding breeding results.

The challenging title of the book focuses on the breeding of quantitative traits, which directly impact the profitability and sustainability of grasslands and fodder crops production, as well as on multidisciplinary approach in grassland research and utilisation. The papers are grouped into five parts: Introduction, Genetic variability in forage productivity and quality and its exploitation through breeding, New biotechnology methods in sustainable breeding: strategies and implementation, Turf grass breeding and Breeding for new roles of multifunctional forage species. Together, these offer a unique collection of ideas and breakthroughs in the fields of fodder crops and amenity grasses breeding and genetics, as well as in the creative and innovative application of new tools in practical breeding.

Inhalt

Preface.- Part 1. Introduction. 1. Forage and grasslands in a sustainable agriculture: new challenges for breeding; Christian Huyghe, Charles Brummer.- 2. Agriculture, forage crops and grasslands in Serbia: production and breeding; Dejan Sokolovi et al.- Part 2. Genetic diversity among and within species. 3. Ex situ conservation of genetic resources of forage and turf species in the IPK Gene bank at Malchow; Evelin Willner, K.J. Dehmer.- 4. Genetic response to climate scenarios in Dactylis and Festuca of temperate vs Mediterranean origin; Mark Ghesquière et al.- 5. Monitoring of vegetation changes in selected sinkholes in the Moravian karst, Czech Republic; Tomá Vymyslický, Zdenk Musil.- 6. Evaluation of a diverse collection of red clover germplasm for susceptibility to clover rot (Sclerotinia trifoliorum) and other important traits; Tim Vleugels et al.- 7. Variability of alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) natural populations from Serbia; Mirjana Petrovi et al.- 8. Characterization of some local populations of Medicago minima collected in the Central Steppe of Algeria; Abderrezak Chebouti et al.- 9. Genetic variability of the most important traits in meadow fescue accessions; Sne ana Babi et al.- 10. Morphological variation between perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) natural ecotypes; Vilma Kemeyt et al.- 11. Variability of selected traits in the Czech alfalfa core collection; Jan Pelikán et al.- 12. Influence of management and habitat on genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Dactylis glomerata; Luisa Last et al.- 13. The utilisation of wild Fabaceae species in grasslands; Daniela Knotová et al.- 14. Assessment of susceptibility of different alfalfa genotypes to Colletotrichum destructivum; Tanja Vasi et al.- 15. TheCzech core collection of Medicago spp.; Tomá Vymyslický et al.- Part 3. Practical breeding of fodder crops. 16. Variation in cell wall digestibility of perennial ryegrass at heading stage; Frederik van Parijs et al.- 17. Factors influencing animal preference of tall fescue genotypes; Mathias Cougnon et al.- 18. Fair evaluation of yield potential in forage species evaluation; Ulf Feuerstein, Anita Swieter.- 19. Patterns of morphophysiological diversity and their implications for selection of grazing-tolerant Lucerne; Luciano Pecetti et al.- 20. Combining abilities of different alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties; Jasmina Radovic et al.- 21. Towards productive summer dormant cocksfoot for Mediterranean climates; Philippe Barre et al.- 22. Potential of some neglected European annual legume crops for forage production; Aleksandar Miki, V. Mihailovi.- 23. New insights into alfalfa forage quality through the research project Qual&Medica; Marilena Paolini et al.- 24. Certain aspects of breeding forage brassicas; Aleksandar Miki et al.- 25. Evaluation of dormancy and winter hardiness of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) experimental lines, obtained by crossing parental lines characterized within the framework of the PERMED project; Valentina Nanni et al.- 26. Breeding perennial ryegrass with enhanced water soluble carbohydrate content; An Ghesquiere, J. Baert.- 27. Resistance of perennial ryegrass to crown and stem rust under field and greenhouse conditions; Radek Machá, Bohumir Caga.- 28. Ideotypes of forage pea (Pisum sativum) cultivars; Vojislav Mihailovi, A. Miki.- Part 4. Turf grass breeding. 29. Recent achievements in breeding for turf quality under biotic and abiotic stress; Trygve Aamlid, Vinsent Gensollen.- 30. Evaluation of grass species cultivars and mixturesfor use in high quality lawn tennis courts; Andy Newell.- Part 5. New biotechnology methods in sustainable breeding: strategies and implementation. ** 31. Char…