Cluster Randomised Trials

Cluster Randomised Trials, Second Edition explores the advantages of cluster randomisation, with special attention given to evaluating the effects of interventions against infectious diseases. Avoiding unnecessary mathematical detail, it covers basic concepts underlying the use of cluster randomisation.

Autorentext

Richard J. Hayes is affiliated with the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.

Lawrence H. Moulton is affiliated with the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University, USA.

Klappentext

Cluster Randomised Trials, Second Edition discusses the design, conduct, and analysis of trials that randomise groups of individuals to different treatments. It explores the advantages of cluster randomisation, with special attention given to evaluating the effects of interventions against infectious diseases. Avoiding unnecessary mathematical detail, the book covers basic concepts underlying the use of cluster randomisation, such as direct, indirect, and total effects. In the time since the publication of the first edition, the use of cluster randomised trials (CRTs) has increased substantially, which is reflected in the updates to this edition. There are greatly expanded sections on randomisation, sample size estimation, and alternative designs, including new material on stepped wedge designs. There is a new section on handling ordinal outcome data, and an appendix with descriptions and/or generating code of the example data sets. Although the book mainly focuses on medical and public health applications, it shows that the rigorous evidence of intervention effects provided by CRTs has the potential to inform public policy in a wide range of other areas. The book encourages readers to apply the methods to their own trials, reproduce the analyses presented, and explore alternative approaches.

Zusammenfassung
Cluster Randomised Trials, Second Edition explores the advantages of cluster randomisation, with special attention given to evaluating the effects of interventions against infectious diseases. Avoiding unnecessary mathematical detail, it covers basic concepts underlying the use of cluster randomisation.

Inhalt

Preface

Authors

Glossary

Part A Basic Concepts

Introduction

Variability between Clusters

Choosing Whether to Randomise by Cluster

Part B Design Issues

Choice of Clusters

Matching and Stratification

Randomisation Procedures

Sample Size

Alternative Study Designs

Part C Analytical Methods

Basic Principles of Analysis

Analysis Based on Cluster-level Summaries

Regression Analysis Based on Individual-level Data

Analysis of Trials with More Complex Designs

Part D Miscellaneous Topics

Ethical Considerations

Data Monitoring

Reporting and InterpretationReferences

Appendix