Cell Entry by Non-Enveloped Viruses

This book examines the means by which non-enveloped viruses penetrate cellular membranes during cell entry. It will help elucidate the mechanisms of non-enveloped virus membrane penetration in general. The means by which non-enveloped viruses penetrate cellular membranes during cell entry remain poorly defined. Recent findings indicate several members of this group share a common mechanism of membrane penetration in which the virus particle undergoes programmed conformational changes, leading to capsid disassembly and release of small membrane-interacting peptides.
A complete understanding of host cell entry by this minimal system will help elucidate the mechanisms of non-enveloped virus membrane penetration in general

Klappentext
Non enveloped viruses constitute an important class of medically significant pathogens. They encode their proteins in single (ss) and double strand (ds) RNA and DNA genomes and display a variety of sizes and structures. In this volume experts in the field provide up to date descriptions of many characteristics associated with the ssRNA noda, picorna and calciviruses, the dsRNA reo and rotaviruses, the ssDNA parvoviruses and the dsDNA polyoma and adenoviruses. While many aspects of these viruses have been addressed previously, this volume specifically focuses on the issue of their entry into cells, with particular attention to the translocation of the viral genome through a membrane, without the aid of inter-membrane fusion that is common and reasonably well understood in enveloped viruses. Sufficient detail has been revealed in most of the viruses discussed in this volume to establish a credible argument for convergent evolution. A variety of mechanisms are described to generate and tightly control the exposure of a fusion-like peptide or an entire gene product that facilitates membrane permeation and genome delivery into the cytoplasm and, for the DNA viruses, the nucleus. Since there is no viral membrane to fuse with the cellular membrane, the events at this interface are different from those associated with enveloped viruses and with the various fusion events associated with normal cellular function. Thus, while the factors critical for this process to occur have been well established for many of these viruses, a specific mechanism for genome penetration is yet to be determined. We believe that this volume will provide a reference of enduring value for the non enveloped virus field and our hope is that the focus on entry and genome translocation across a cellular membrane will stimulate new ideas and mechanistic studies of this critically important process.

Inhalt
Flock House Virus: A Model System for Understanding Non-Enveloped Virus Entry and Membrane Penetration.- The Caliciviruses.- Picornaviruses.- From Touchdown to Transcription: The Reovirus Cell Entry Pathway.- Rotavirus Cell Entry.- Structures and Functions of Parvovirus Capsids and the Process of Cell Infection.- Cellular Entry of Polyomaviruses.- Adenovirus.