The Law and Regulation of Airspace Liberalisation in Brazil

The book starts from the premise that the current aviation framework, in Brazil, cannot sustain a full liberalization on the long run

Autorentext
Delphine Defossez is Lecturer in Law at Northumbria University, UK

Inhalt

CHAPTER 1 Setting up the scene

1. The Brazilian aviation landscape until 2019
2. The two major challenges
3. Liberalisation benefits for Brazil

4. The role of the State in aviation

   1. Legitimatcy of state intervention and the Rule of law

5. The thin line between regulation and competition

   1. Market failure in aviation and its liberalisation/deregulation

   2. Market failure and Natural monopolies

   3. Airports: natural monopolies or not?

6. Concluding remarks PART I- European liberalisation

CHAPTER 2 Historical Perspective on Liberalisation of the Aviation Sector

1. The changes in international aviation law: the road to liberalisation

2. The European liberalisation

   1. The First Waves of Liberalisation in Europe
   2. An Integrated System: The Single European Sky (SES)

3. Other models of liberalisation and their influence on the European model

   1. The US deregulation

   2. Comparison EU-US
   3. The US- EU Open Aviation Area

   4. The Asian liberalisation

   5. The ASEAN- EU Agreement
   6. The influence on Australia

4. Concluding Remarks CHAPTER 3 The repercussions of the EU liberalisation

1. The repercussions of the EU liberalisation

   1. Positive impacts

   2. Negative impacts

   3. The case of Alitalia (AZ)

2. Competition advantages and (possible) problems

   1. Overview of competition rules applying under the EU system
   2. Airline companies
   3. More competition, yes, but not to the detriment of the security of passengers

3. Consumer protection: Regulation 261/2004

   1. The problematic Regulation 261/2004

   2. Compensation for cancelled flights.
   3. Compensation for long delays.
   4. 'Extraordinary circumstances': the secret weapon of airlines
   5. Resolution 261 and international law

4. Concluding Remarks PART II- Brazil liberalisation

CHAPTER 4 The Brazilian legal system

1. Brief Overview of the legal system: hierarchy of norms
2. The main organs in aviation

3. The Brazilian legal system on aviation

   1. Laws applicable to aviation
   2. General aviation liability regulation
   3. Liability in case of collisions

   4. Consumer Protection: The Codigo de Proteçao e Defesa do Consumidor (CDC) vs the Montreal Convention

   5. The promising Projeto de Lei (PL) 6960 de 2010
   6. Lei 14.034/20 de 2020

   7. Consumer protection: ANAC

   8. Resolution 141/2010

   9. Cancellation
   10. Delay
   11. Extraordinary Circumstances
   12. Resolution 400/2016
   13. Competition law

4. Concluding remarks CHAPTER 5The Brazilian national 'liberalisation'

1. Why liberalisation and not deregulation?
2. ANAC's perspective vs international understanding
3. Why liberalise the Brazilian market?
4. Bilateral agreements: an outdated concept?
5. Concluding remarks Chapter 6- Liberalisation of the national market: possible changes

1. The current aspects of the Brazilian market: brief overview

2. Economic effect

   1. Evolution of supply
   2. Changes in demand
3. The routes

4. Airline companies

   1. Hubbing
   2. New business models
   3. Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs) as game changers
   4. The need for product differentiation
   5. Higher risk of bankruptcy
   6. Airline privatisation
   7. Consolidated market and Avianca's 'bankruptcy'

5. Airports

   1. Airport charges
   2. Increase in competition and airport saturation
   3. Major gain for regional airports
   4. Slots allocation
6. The Role of the State
7. Regional changes: Mercosur
8. Concluding remarks CHAPTER 7 State intervention

1. State intervention is still necessary

2. State intervention after the potential liberalisation in Brazil

   1. Bilateralism and liberalisation
   2. Avianca's tragedy and the role of the judiciary

   3. Market Regulation and State intervention

   4. Natural monopolies
   5. State aid
   6. Abuse of dominant position
   7. Codesharing and cartel formation
   8. Public interest element
   9. Consumers
3. Self-regulation and Private ordering
4. The GATT approach
5. Concluding remarks CHAPTER 8 Consumer protection

1. Existing a solution

2. The problems with the current system: irreconcilable judgments

   1. 1. Theory vs Practice
   2. It is always the airline's fault
   3. Brazil exorbitant jurisdiction: The NYE case
   4. The outrageous case: Valentine's Day Lunch
   5. The totally irreconcilable judgments
   6. Two separate contracts? Make it just one
   7. Consumidor.com.gv

3. The necessity to adapt the existing system and the use of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) as a way forward

   1. Why Online Dispute Resolution?
   2. Collective redress and ODR
   3. Public authority rather than private actors

4. Concluding remarks

Chapter 9- Conclusion