Assessing vulnerability to heat stress in urban areas

Increasing mortality related to periods of hot weather is a direct health impact from a warming and more variable climate. Adverse health impacts of heat stress are preventable. To spatially assess vulnerability is useful to prioritize where to take action first. This work describes the development and testing of a vulnerability index to assess hot spots of vulnerability to heat stress in the urban area of Greater London. Therefore, routine data on a high spatial resolution and representing the risk factors as identified in the literature are mapped. With Principal Component Analysis the most relevant of these indicators are composed to a vulnerability index. To test the performance of the vulnerability index, daily data on temperature and spatial data on daily mortality and ambulance callout are used in a Poission regression model. The work shows that it is possible to model hot spots of vulnerability in terms of increased mortality and a higher number of ambulance callouts. The results encourage further work on hot spot analysis to better target intervention measures, but also to look into risk perception and decomposing inequalities.

Autorentext

Dr. Tanja Wolf studied Geography in Bonn, Germany and at King'sCollege London, United Kingdom. Since 2004 she had been working at the World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Centre for Health and Environment in Rome, Italy and Bonn, Germany (since August 2011). She contributed to the chapter on human health in the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC (2007).