Atlas of Practical Cardiac Applications of MRI

Glossary 4 Chapter 1: Basics of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and 6 Normal Views 1. 1 Definition and Physical Basics 6 a. Definition and historical background 6 b. Physical basics 6 1. 2 Technical Modalities 10 a. Spin echo 12 b. Gradient echo 12 c. Fast gradient echo 13 d. Specialized techniques 13 e. Techniques under clinical investigation 13 1. 3 Study Methodology: Normal Anatomy 13 a. Technical equipment 13 b. Medical personnel 13 c. Preparation of the patient 13 d. Normal MRI anatomy 17 References 17 Chapter 2: Ventricular Morphology and Function: Study of 26 Cardiomyopathies 2. 1 Morphological Study of Heart Chambers 26 a. Left ventricle 26 b. Right ventricle 31 2. 2 Ventricular Function 31 a. Left ventricular function 31 b. Right ventricular function 33 2. 3 Cardiomyopathies 33 a. Dilated cardiomyopathy 33 b. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 33 c. Restrictive cardiomyopathy 35 d. Arrhythmogenic dysplasia of the right ventricle 35 References 35 (f) Chapter 3: Acquired Diseases of the Aorta 38 I c 3. 1 Technical Aspects of the Aortic Study by MRI: Imaging the Normal Aorta 38 3. 2 Aortic Aneurysm 43 3. 3 Aortic Dissection and Related Entities OJ 43 a. Strategy for the study of aortic dissection by MRI 43 I b. Differential diagnosis of aortic dissection by MRI 47 References 49 c o U . ;jj Chapter 4: Study of Valvular Heart Disease 54 4. 1 Introduction 54 4. 2 Velocity Calculation and Flow Quantitation 54 4.

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1: Basics of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Normal Views.- 1.1 Definition and Physical Basics.- 1.2 Technical Modalitiesx.- 1.3 Study Methodology: Normal Anatomy.- 2: Ventricular Morphology and Function: Study of Cardiomyopathies.- 2.1 Morphological Study of Heart Chambers.- 2.2 Ventricular Function.- 2.3 Cardiomyopathies.- 3: Acquired Diseases of the Aorta.- 3.1 Technical Aspects of the Aortic Study by MRI: Imaging the Normal Aorta.- 3.2 Aortic Aneurysm.- 3.3 Aortic Dissection and Related Entities.- 4: Study of Valvular Heart Disease.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Velocity Calculation and Flow Quantitation.- 4.3 Anatomical Evaluation.- 4.4 Aortic Regurgitation.- 4.5 Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation.- 4.6 Pulmonary Regurgitation.- 4.7 Pulmonary Hypertension.- 4.8 Valvular Stenosis.- 5: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ischemic Heart Disease.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Acute Myocardial Infarction.- 5.3 Complications of Myocardial Infarction.- 5.4 Study of Ventricular Function.- 5.5 Imaging of Coronary Arteries 73 References.- 6: Cardiac and Paracardiac Masses.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2 Technical Aspects in the Evaluation of Masses with MRI.- 6.3 Malignant Primary Cardiac Tumors.- 6.4 Benign Primary Cardiac Tumors.- 6.5 Secondary Cardiac Tumors.- 6.6 Benign Paracardiac Masses or Pseudotumors.- 6.7. Intracavitary Thrombi.- References.- 7: Diseases of the Pericardium.- 7.1 The Normal Pericardium in Magnetic Resonance.- 7.2 Acute Pericarditis.- 7.3 Pericardial Effusion.- 7.4 Constrictive Pericarditis.- 7.5 Congenital Pericardial Diseases 100 References.- 8: Congenital Heart Disease.- 8.1 Segmental Study of Congenital Heart Disease.- 8.2 Study of Atria and Venous Connections.- 8.3 Atrioventricular Connections.- 8.4 Ventriculoarterial Connections.- 8.5 Study of Shunts.- 8.6 Atrial SeptalDefect.- 8.7 Ventricular Septal Defect.- 8.8 Atrioventricular Defects.- 8.9 Patent Ductus Arteriosus.- 8.10 Obstructive Lesions.- 8.11 Complex Congenital Heart Diseases.- 8.12 Postoperative Studies.- 9: Contrast Agents in Cardiac MRI.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Contrast Agents in the Study of Abnormal Cardiac and Paracardiac Masses.- 9.3 Contrast Agents in the Assessment of Ischemic Heart Disease.