Attraction, Distraction and Action: Volume 133

Klappentext Over the last decade there has been a spate of research on the empirical phenomenon known as "attentional capture". Interest in capture can be attributed not only to its applied significance, but also to the implications of the phenomenon for theories of selective attention, as well as cognitive control in general. This growing interest, however, has also spawned a wide variety of experimental paradigms, empirical results, and theoretical perspectives. In June of 2000, 40 experimental psychologists converged on Villanova University for a conference and workshop on attentional capture. The intent was to provide an intimate forum for scientists from diverse perspectives and backgrounds, and using diverse methodologies to present their research on attentional capture and also engage in small group discussions on such key issues as the definition, measurement, and theoretical treatment of attention capture. This book presents a collection of chapters based on those presentations and discussions. Chapters are organized around areas such as neuroscience, visual cognition, developmental, individual differences and dynamical systems. The volume provides: a summary of the latest cutting edge research; an important compass for future research in this area; a useful survey of the field; contributions from internationally recognized experts in attention. Due to its exclusive focus on the topic of attentional capture the volume should make an excellent supplemental text or reference book for advanced undergraduate or graduate seminars in cognitive psychology and attention. Inhaltsverzeichnis PrefacePublisher Summary ContributorsPublisher Summary Part I: Neuroscience1: Electrophysiological Studies of Reflexive AttentionAbstractBackgroundThe Effects of Reflexive Attentional Capture on Visual Processing: ERP StudiesInhibition of Return: Inhibition of Perceptual Processing or Motor Programming?ConclusionsAuthors' Notes2: Inhibition of Return in Monkey and ManIntroductionSummary and Conclusion Part II: Visual Cognition3: Inattentional Blindness and Attentional Capture: Evidence for Attention-Based Theories of Visual SalienceThe Present ExperimentsExperiment 1Results and DiscussionExperiment 2General DiscussionAuthor Notes4: Involuntary Orienting to Flashing Distractors in Delayed Search?Experiment 1Experiment 2Experiment 3ResultsGeneral Discussion5: Attentional Capture in the Spatial and Temporal DomainsThe Contingent Capture HypothesisA Challenge to the Contingent Capture HypothesisNew Evidence of Top-Down Control in Visual SearchThe RSVP Paradigm and the Attentional BlinkAttentional Capture in the RSVP paradigmGeneral DiscussionAuthor Note6: Attentional and Oculomotor CaptureAttentional CaptureOculomotor captureFurther speculationsAuthors Notes7: Attention Capture, Orienting, and AwarenessSelective Looking, Inattentional Blindness, and Explicit Attention CaptureIntegrating Implicit and Explicit Attention CaptureConclusionAcknowledgments Part III: Multiple Modalities8: Using Pre-pulse Inhibition to Study Attentional Capture: A Warning About Pre-pulse CorrelationsTemporal Dynamics of Pre-pulse InhibitionPre-pulse Inhibition and Attentional CaptureClassical Conditioning of Pre-pulse InhibitionOverviewDiscussionConclusions9: Temporal Expectancies, Capture, and Timing in Auditory SequencesI Attending to Visual and Auditory Events: An OverviewII Dynamics of Attending to Auditory SequencesIII Evidence for Dynamic Attending to Slow Auditory SequencesIV General Concluding RemarksAcknowledgements10: Crossmodal Attentional Capture: A Controversy Resolved?IntroductionSpeeded Detection TasksSpeeded Discrimination TasksImplicit spatial discrimination taskCrossmodal Attentional CaptureModality-Specific vs. Supramodal Attention SystemsNeural Correlates of Crossmodal CaptureCrossmodal Capture in the Applied DomainConclusionsAuthor Notes Part IV: Developmental11: Testing Models of Attentional Capture During Early Infan...

Zusammenfassung
In June of 2000, 40 experimental psychologists converged on Villanova University for a conference and workshop on attentional capture. This book presents a collection of chapters based on those presentations and discussions.

Inhalt

Preface

• Publisher Summary Contributors

• Publisher Summary Part I: Neuroscience1: Electrophysiological Studies of Reflexive Attention

• Abstract
• Background
• The Effects of Reflexive Attentional Capture on Visual Processing: ERP Studies
• Inhibition of Return: Inhibition of Perceptual Processing or Motor Programming?
• Conclusions

• Authors' Notes2: Inhibition of Return in Monkey and Man

• Introduction

• Summary and Conclusion Part II: Visual Cognition3: Inattentional Blindness and Attentional Capture: Evidence for Attention-Based Theories of Visual Salience

• The Present Experiments
• Experiment 1
• Results and Discussion
• Experiment 2
• General Discussion

• Author Notes4: Involuntary Orienting to Flashing Distractors in Delayed Search?

• Experiment 1
• Experiment 2
• Experiment 3
• Results

• General Discussion5: Attentional Capture in the Spatial and Temporal Domains

• The Contingent Capture Hypothesis
• A Challenge to the Contingent Capture Hypothesis
• New Evidence of Top-Down Control in Visual Search
• The RSVP Paradigm and the Attentional Blink
• Attentional Capture in the RSVP paradigm
• General Discussion

• Author Note6: Attentional and Oculomotor Capture

• Attentional Capture
• Oculomotor capture
• Further speculations

• Authors Notes7: Attention Capture, Orienting, and Awareness

• Selective Looking, Inattentional Blindness, and Explicit Attention Capture
• Integrating Implicit and Explicit Attention Capture
• Conclusion

• Acknowledgments Part III: Multiple Modalities8: Using Pre-pulse Inhibition to Study Attentional Capture: A Warning About Pre-pulse Correlations

• Temporal Dynamics of Pre-pulse Inhibition
• Pre-pulse Inhibition and Attentional Capture
• Classical Conditioning of Pre-pulse Inhibition
• Overview
• Discussion

• Conclusions9: Temporal Expectancies, Capture, and Timing in Auditory Sequences

• I Attending to Visual and Auditory Events: An Overview
• II Dynamics of Attending to Auditory Sequences
• III Evidence for Dynamic Attending to Slow Auditory Sequences
• IV General Concluding Remarks

• Acknowledgements10: Crossmodal Attentional Capture: A Controversy Resolved?

• Introduction
• Speeded Detection Tasks
• Speeded Discrimination Tasks
• Implicit spatial discrimination task
• Crossmodal Attentional Capture
• Modality-Specific vs. Supramodal Attention Systems
• Neural Correlates of Crossmodal Capture
• Crossmodal Capture in the Applied Domain
• Conclusions

• Author Notes Part IV: Developmental11: Testing Models of Attentional Capture During Early Infancy

• The Selectivity of Visual Attention Early in Life
• Methodology and Modeling
• Some Sample Data on Selectivity and Capture
• Considering Other Models
• Conclusions

• Author Note12: Attentional Capture, Attentional Control and Aging

• Cognitive Aging: Theory and Research
• Attentional Control: Interaction of Stimulus-Driven and Goal-Directed Attention
• Aging and Attentional Capture
• Summary and Conclusion

• Acknowledgments Part V: Individual Differences13: A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Attentional Control

• Relationships Between Motivation and Attention
• Individual Differences in Motivation and Attention
• Studies Relating Temperament, Motivation, and Attention

• Summary and Conclusions14: Capacity, Control and Conflict: An Individual Differences Perspective on Attentional Capture

• Working Memory and Working Memory Capacity
• Working Memory Capacity Predicts Attentional Control and Capture: The Evidence
• Conclusion

• Authors' Notes Part VI: Dynmical Systems/Evolution15: A Dynamic, Evolutionary Perspective on Attention Capture1

• …