Blood Substitutes

Informationen zum Autor Professor Winslow received his M.D. degree and postgraduate training in internal medicine and hematology at the Johns Hopkins University and Hospital. He studied hemoglobin biochemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Molecular Biology at the National Institutes of Health. His research, for more than 30 years, has been aimed at the intersection of the synthesis, structure and function of hemoglobin, in such areas as sickle cell anemia, high altitude physiology and hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers. Professor Winslow previously headed the Blood Research Division at the Letterman Army Institute of Research, responsible for the US Army's blood substitute program. Between 1991 and 1998, he was a Professor of Medicine, leading a blood substitute program at the University of California at San Diego (UCSD), supported by the National Institutes of Health. Professor Winslow has also served as a consultant to many private companies and has been an advisor for, among others, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science, the Pan American Health Organization, the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Defense and a number of foreign governments. He has written more than 200 scientific articles on clinical, physiological and biochemical aspects of hemoglobin and oxygen transport. Klappentext Blood substitutes are solutions designed for use in patients who need blood transfusions! but for whom whole blood is not available! or is not safe. This interest has intensified in the wake of the AIDS and hepatitis C epidemics. Blood Substitutes describes the rationale! current approaches! clinical efficacy! and design issues for all blood substitutes now in clinical trials. The many summary diagrams and tables help make the book accessible to readers such as surgeons and blood bankers! who have less technical expertise than the biochemists and hematologists who are designing and testing blood substitutes. Zusammenfassung Blood substitutes are solutions designed for use in patients who need blood transfusions! but for whom whole blood is not available! or is not safe. This book describes the rationale! approaches! clinical efficacy! and design issues for various blood substitutes in clinical trials. Inhaltsverzeichnis Section 1: Background Introduction Chapter 1: Historical Background Chapter 2: Transfusion Medicine Chapter 3: Regulatory Perspectives on Clinical Trials for Oxygen Therapeutics in Trauma and Transfusion Practice Section 2: Physiological Basis Introduction Chapter 4: Clinical Physiology: Oxygen Transport and the Transfusion Trigger Chapter 5: The Role of Oxygen and Hemoglobin Diffusion in Oxygen Transport by Cell-free Hemoglobins Chapter 6: Oxygen Transport Properties of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers: Studies using Artificial Capillaries and Mathematical Simulation Chapter 7: Mechanisms of Oxygen Transport in the Microcirculation: Effects of Cell-Free Oxygen Carriers Chapter 8: Shear Stress Mechanotransduction and the Flow Properties of Blood Chapter 9: Local Regulation of Blood Flow Section 3: Clinical Applications Introduction Chapter 10: Clinical Indications for Blood Substitutes and Optimal Properties Chapter 11: Crystalloid Solutions Chapter 12: Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers as Resuscitative Solutions for Trauma and Combat Casualty Care Chapter 13: Surgical Hemorrhage Chapter 14: Clinical Trials in Cardiac Surgery Chapter 15: Hemodilution Chapter 16: Clinical Hemodilution Chapter 17: Potential for Blood Substitutes in Tissue Ischemia Section 4: Toxicity and Side Effects Introduction Chapter 18: Redox and Radical Reactions of Hemoglobin Solution...

Autorentext
Professor Winslow received his M.D. degree and postgraduate training in internal medicine and hematology at the Johns Hopkins University and Hospital. He studied hemoglobin biochemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Molecular Biology at the National Institutes of Health. His research, for more than 30 years, has been aimed at the intersection of the synthesis, structure and function of hemoglobin, in such areas as sickle cell anemia, high altitude physiology and hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers. Professor Winslow previously headed the Blood Research Division at the Letterman Army Institute of Research, responsible for the US Army's blood substitute program. Between 1991 and 1998, he was a Professor of Medicine, leading a blood substitute program at the University of California at San Diego (UCSD), supported by the National Institutes of Health. Professor Winslow has also served as a consultant to many private companies and has been an advisor for, among others, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science, the Pan American Health Organization, the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Defense and a number of foreign governments. He has written more than 200 scientific articles on clinical, physiological and biochemical aspects of hemoglobin and oxygen transport.

Klappentext

Blood substitutes are solutions designed for use in patients who need blood transfusions, but for whom whole blood is not available, or is not safe. This interest has intensified in the wake of the AIDS and hepatitis C epidemics. Blood Substitutes describes the rationale, current approaches, clinical efficacy, and design issues for all blood substitutes now in clinical trials. The many summary diagrams and tables help make the book accessible to readers such as surgeons and blood bankers, who have less technical expertise than the biochemists and hematologists who are designing and testing blood substitutes.

Inhalt

Section 1: Background

Introduction

Chapter 1: Historical Background

Chapter 2: Transfusion Medicine

Chapter 3: Regulatory Perspectives on Clinical Trials for Oxygen Therapeutics in Trauma and Transfusion Practice

Section 2: Physiological Basis

Introduction

Chapter 4: Clinical Physiology: Oxygen Transport and the Transfusion Trigger

Chapter 5: The Role of Oxygen and Hemoglobin Diffusion in Oxygen Transport by Cell-free Hemoglobins

Chapter 6: Oxygen Transport Properties of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers: Studies using Artificial Capillaries and Mathematical Simulation

Chapter 7: Mechanisms of Oxygen Transport in the Microcirculation: Effects of Cell-Free Oxygen Carriers

Chapter 8: Shear Stress Mechanotransduction and the Flow Properties of Blood

Chapter 9: Local Regulation of Blood Flow

Section 3: Clinical Applications

Introduction

Chapter 10: Clinical Indications for Blood Substitutes and Optimal Properties

Chapter 11: Crystalloid Solutions

Chapter 12: Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers as Resuscitative Solutions for Trauma and Combat Casualty Care

Chapter 13: Surgical Hemorrhage

Chapter 14: Clinical Trials in Cardiac Surgery

Chapter 15: Hemodilution

Chapter 16: Clinical Hemodilution

Chapter 17: Potential for Blood Substitutes in Tissue Ischemia

Section 4: Toxicity and Side Effects

Introduction

Chapter 18: Redox and Radical Reactions of Hemoglobin Solutions: Toxicities and Protective Strategies

Chapter 19: Pro-Oxidant Activity of Hemoglobin and Endothelial Cytotoxicity

Chapter 20: Renal Toxicity

Chapter 21: Hemoglobin and Neurotoxicity

Chapter 22: The Role of Inflammation in the Toxicity of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers

Chapter 23: Hemoglobin-Induced Myocardial Lesions

Section 5: Perfluorocarbon-Based Oxygen Carriers

Introduction

Chapter 24: Fluorocarbon Emulsions as in vivo Oxygen Delivery Systems: Background and Chemistry

Chapter 25: Fluosol®: The First Commercial Injectable Perfluorocarbon Oxygen Carrier

Chapter 26: Perftoran®

Chapter 27: Rational Development of Oxyfluor(TM)

Chapter 28: Oxygent(TM), a Perfluorochemical-Based Oxygen …