Closed-Loop Control of Blood Glucose

Diabetes is a disease that is now regarded an epidemic in the world and a sign- icant e?ort is directed towards ?nding better ways to manage diabetes. Keeping bloodglucoselevelsasclosetonormalaspossible,leadstoasubstantialdecrease in long term complications of diabetes and can bring signi?cant cost reductions associated with the disease. Traditionally, managing diabetes has been through intermittent monitoring of blood glucose and then administering an appropriate dose of insulin into the blood stream. This method of intermittent monitoring and administration of insulin cannot ensure blood glucose remains at near n- mal levels at all times and therefore, there is considerable interest in managing diabetes on a continuous basis. The development of arti?cial organs/apparatus that regulate human's blood glucose level has been in progress since 1960. The aim was to measure blood glucose level ex vivo and then injecting an appropriate amount of insulin to the hyperglycaemic patient, thereby correcting the high glucose level. This aim of closing the loop is still being challenged by technological barriers even today, and progress are being made constantly both in overcoming the challenges and understanding more about the workings of glucose-regulatory system. The purpose of this book is to introduce the ?eld of closed-loop blood g- cose control, in a simple manner, to the reader. This includes the hardware and software components that make up the control system (see Chapter 2). The hardware components involved the di?erent types of glucose sensor (- vasive, minimally-invasive and non-invasive) and the di?erent types of insulin.

Presents the field of closed-loop blood glucose control in a simple manner Gathers most recent advancements in diabetes management

Klappentext

This book presents closed-loop blood glucose control in a simple manner, which includes the hardware and "software" components that make up the control system. It provides examples on how mathematical models are formulated as well as the control algorithms that stem from mathematical exercises. The book also describes the basic physiology of blood glucose regulation during fasting and meal from a functional level.

Inhalt
Glucose Control: Input and Output.- Glucose Control: Patient Dynamics.- Mathematics of Glucose Control.- Closed-Loop Control Apparatus Example.- Conclusions.