Cognitive Illusions

Cognitive Illusions explores a wide range of fascinating psychological effects in the way we think, judge and remember in our everyday lives.

Cognitive Illusions explores a wide range of fascinating psychological effects in the way we think, judge and remember in our everyday lives. In this volume, Rüdiger F. Pohl brings together leading international researchers to define what cognitive illusions are and discuss their theoretical status: are such illusions proof of a faulty human information-processing system, or do they only represent by-products of otherwise adaptive cognitive mechanisms?

The book describes and discusses 26 different cognitive illusions, with each chapter giving a profound overview of the respective empirical research including potential explanations, individual differences, and relevant applied perspectives. This edition has been thoroughly updated throughout, featuring new chapters on negativity bias, metacognition, and how we respond to fake news, along with detailed descriptions of experiments that can be used as classroom demonstration in every chapter.

Demonstrating just how diverse cognitive illusions can be, it is a must read for all students and researchers of cognitive illusions, specifically, those focusing on thinking, reasoning, decision-making, and memory.

Autorentext

Rüdiger F. Pohl is retired Professor of Psychology at the University of Mannheim, Germany. His research interests include cognitive illusions, heuristics and decision-making, and autobiographical memory. Teaching psychology, he held lectures in all areas of Cognitive and Developmental Psychology as well as in History and Methods of Psychology.

Klappentext

Cognitive Illusions explores a wide range of fascinating psychological effects in the way we think, judge and remember in our everyday lives.

Inhalt

Introduction 1. What are cognitive illusions? Part I Thinking 2. Conjunction fallacy

3. Base-rate neglect 4. Framing 5. Confirmation bias Myside bias 6. Illusory correlation
4. Causality bias 8. Illusions of control 9. Wason selection task 10. Belief bias in deductive reasoning Part II Judgment 11. Availability 12. Judgments by representativeness 13. Anchoring effect 14. Illusory truth effect 15. Mere exposure effect 16. Halo effects 17. Assumed similarity
5. Overconfidence 19. Metacognitive illusions 20. Fake news and participatory propaganda 21. Positivity biases Part III Memory 22. Moses illusion 23. Survival processing effect 24. Labeling and overshadowing effects 25. Associative memory illusions 26. Misinformation effect
6. Hindsight bias