Ecological Networks in an Agricultural World

Informationen zum Autor Guy Woodward is Professor of Ecology in the Department of Life Sciences at Imperial College London and Series Editor for Advances in Ecological Research. He has authored over 100 peer-reviewed publications, including recent papers in Nature, Science and Nature Climate Change, with a strong emphasis on understanding and predicting how aquatic ecosystems and food webs respond to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stressors, including climate change, chemical pollution, habitat degradation and invasive species. Much of this work covers multiple scales in space and time and also a range of organisational levels - from genes to ecosystems. His research group and ongoing collaborations span the natural and social sciences, reflecting the need for multidisciplinary approaches for addressing the environmental challenges of the 21st Century. Dave Bohan is an agricultural ecologist with an interest in predator-prey regulation interactions. Dave uses a model system of a carabid beetle predator and two agriculturally important prey; slugs and weed seeds. He has shown that carabids find and consume slug prey, within fields, and that this leads to regulation of slug populations and interesting spatial 'waves' in slug and carabid density. The carabids also intercept weed seeds shed by weed plants before they enter the soil, and thus carabids can regulate the long-term store of seeds in the seedbank on national scales. What is interesting about this system is that it contains two important regulation ecosystem services delivered by one group of service providers, the carabids. This system therefore integrates, in miniature, many of the problems of interaction between services. Dave has most recently begun to work with networks. He developed, with colleagues, a learning methodology to build networks from sample date. This has produced the largest, replicated network in agriculture. One of his particular interests is how behaviours and dynamics at the species level, as studied using the carabid-slug-weed system, build across species and their interactions to the dynamics of networks at the ecosystem level. Klappentext In 2001, the late Murray Kleiner and an array of experts contributed to the Handbook of Polygraph Testing, published by Elsevier, which examined the fundamental principles behind polygraph tests and reviewed the key tests and methods used at that time. In the intervening thirteen years, the field has moved beyond traditional polygraph testing to include a host of biometrics and behavioral observations. The new title reflects the breadth of methods now used.Credibility Assessment builds on the content provided in the Kleiner volume, with revised polygraph testing chapters and chapters on newer methodologies, such as CNS, Ocular-motor, and behavioral measures. Deception detection is a major field of interest in criminal investigation and prosecution, national security screening, and screening at ports of entry. Many of these methods have a long history, e.g., polygraph examinations, and some rely on relatively new technologies, e.g., fMRI and Ocular-motor measurements. Others rely on behavioral observations of persons in less restricted settings, e.g., airport screening. The authors, all of whom are internationally-recognized experts associated with major universities in the United States, United Kingdom, and Europe, review and analyze various methods for the detection of deception, their current applications, and major issues and controversies surrounding their uses. This volume will be of great interest among forensic psychologists, psychophysiologists, polygraph examiners, law enforcement, courts, attorneys, and government agencies. Inhaltsverzeichnis Networking Agroecology: Integrating the Diversity of Agroecosystem Interactions David A. Bohan, Alan Raybould, Christian Mulder, Guy Woodward, Alireza Tamaddoni-Nezhad, Nico Bluthgen, Michael J.O. Pocock, Stephen...

Autorentext

Guy Woodward, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London

Klappentext

In 2001, the late Murray Kleiner and an array of experts contributed to the Handbook of Polygraph Testing, published by Elsevier, which examined the fundamental principles behind polygraph tests and reviewed the key tests and methods used at that time. In the intervening thirteen years, the field has moved beyond traditional polygraph testing to include a host of biometrics and behavioral observations. The new title reflects the breadth of methods now used.

Credibility Assessment builds on the content provided in the Kleiner volume, with revised polygraph testing chapters and chapters on newer methodologies, such as CNS, Ocular-motor, and behavioral measures. Deception detection is a major field of interest in criminal investigation and prosecution, national security screening, and screening at ports of entry. Many of these methods have a long history, e.g., polygraph examinations, and some rely on relatively new technologies, e.g., fMRI and Ocular-motor measurements. Others rely on behavioral observations of persons in less restricted settings, e.g., airport screening. The authors, all of whom are internationally-recognized experts associated with major universities in the United States, United Kingdom, and Europe, review and analyze various methods for the detection of deception, their current applications, and major issues and controversies surrounding their uses. This volume will be of great interest among forensic psychologists, psychophysiologists, polygraph examiners, law enforcement, courts, attorneys, and government agencies.

Inhalt

1. Networking Agroecology: Integrating the Diversity of Agroecosystem InteractionsDavid A. Bohan, Alan Raybould, Christian Mulder, Guy Woodward, Alireza Tamaddoni-Nezhad, Nico Bluthgen, Michael J.O. Pocock, Stephen Muggleton, Darren M. Evans, Julia Astegiano, François Massol, Nicolas Loeuille, Sandrine Petit and Sarina Macfadyen
2. Connecting the Green and Brown Worlds: Allometric and Stoichiometric Predictability of Above- and Below-Ground NetworksChristian Mulder, Farshid S. Ahrestani, Michael Bahn, David A. Bohan, Michael Bonkowski, Bryan S. Griffiths, Rannveig Anna Guicharnaud, Jens Kattge, Paul Henning Krogh, Sandra Lavorel, Owen T. Lewis, Giorgio Mancinelli, Shahid Naeem, Josep Peñuelas, Hendrik Poorter, Peter B. Reich, Loreto Rossi, Graciela M. Rusch, Jordi Sardans and Ian J. Wright
3. Empirically Characterising Trophic Networks: What Emerging DNA-Based Methods, Stable Isotope and Fatty Acid Analyses Can OfferM. Traugott, S. Kamenova, L Ruess, J. Seeber and M. Plantegenest
4. Construction and Validation of Food Webs using Logic-based Machine Learning and Text MiningAlireza Tamaddoni-Nezhad, Ghazal Afroozi Milani, Alan Raybould, Stephen Muggleton and David A. Bohan
5. Interaction Networks in Agricultural Landscape MosaicsFrançois Massol and Sandrine Petit
6. Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics of Agricultural Networks: Implications for Sustainable ManagementNicolas Loeuille, Sébastien Barot, Ewen Georgelin, Grigorios Kylafis and Claire Lavigne
7. Modelling Interaction Networks for Enhanced Ecosystem Services in Agroecosystems**Philippe Tixier, Nathalie Peyrard, Jean-Noël Aubertot, Sabrina Gaba, Julia Radoszycki, Geoffrey Caron-Lormier, Fabrice Vinatier, Grégory Mollot and Régis Sabbadin