Excitotoxicity

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Excitotoxicity is the pathological process by which nerve cells are damaged and killed by glutamate and similar substances. This occurs when receptors for the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate (glutamate receptors) such as the NMDA receptor and AMPA receptor are overactivated. Excitotoxins like NMDA and kainic acid which bind to these receptors, as well as pathologically high levels of glutamate, can cause excitotoxicity by allowing high levels of calcium ions (Ca2+) to enter the cell. Ca2+ influx into cells activates a number of enzymes, including phospholipases, endonucleases, and proteases such as calpain. These enzymes go on to damage cell structures such as components of the cytoskeleton, membrane, and DNA.

Weitere Informationen

  • Allgemeine Informationen
    • GTIN 09786130793593
    • Editor Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
    • EAN 9786130793593
    • Format Fachbuch
    • Titel Excitotoxicity
    • Herausgeber Alphascript Publishing
    • Anzahl Seiten 280
    • Genre Biologie

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