History of Neurology

Part 1: Beginnings:

Ancient trepanation. Mesopotamia. Neurology in ancient Egypt. Neurology in the Bible and the Talmud. The Greco-Roman world. After Galen: late antiquity and the Islamic world. Neurological conditions in the European Middle Ages. The development of neurology and the neurological Sciences in the 17th century. Understanding the nervous system in the 18th century.

Part 2: Origins of Modern Neurology:

The birth of localisation theory. On the use of animal experimentation in the history of neurology. The anatomical foundations of clinical neurology. The contributions of neurophysiology to clinical neurology: an exercise in contemporary history. Landmarks of surgical neurology and the interplay of disciplines. Jean-Marie Charcot and the anatomo-clinical method of neurology. History of the development of the neurological examination. Cognitive assessment in neurology. The origins of functional brain imaging in humans.

Part 3: Further Developments of the Discipline:

Visual images and neurological illustration. Neurological illustration: from photography to cinematography. Special hospitals in neurology and neurosurgery. A history of child neurology and neurodisability. The history of neuroendocrinology: "The spring of primitive existence". The coming of molecular biology and its impact on clinical neurology.

Part 4: Dysfunctions of the Nervous System:

Headache: a historical outline. A history of seizures and epilepsies: from the falling disease to dysrhythmias of the brain. A history of cerebro-vascular disease. A history of bacterial meningitis. Historical aspects of the major neurological vitamin deficiency disorders: Overview and fat-soluble vitamin A. Historical aspects of the major neurological vitamin deficiency disorders: The water-soluble B vitamins. Muscular dystrophy. Sensory and perceptual disorders. The history of movement disorders. The history of sleep medicine. The frontal lobes. The history of aphasia: from brain to language. Alexia and agraphia.

Part 5: Regional Landmarks:

American neurology. A historical overview of British neurology. The history of neurology in France. The history of neurology in Scandinavia. Neurology and the neurological sciences in the German-speaking countries. The development of neurology in the Low Countries. The history of neurology in Italy. A history of Russian and Soviet neurology and neuropathology. Neurology and traditional Chinese medicine. The history of clinical neurology in Japan. The history of neurology in Australia and New Zealand. Clinical neurology in Latin America. The history of tropical neurology.

Part 6: Treatments and Recovery:

Recovery of function: redundancy and vicariation theories. The emergence of the age variable in 19th century neurology: considerations of recovery patterns in acquired childhood aphasia. Rehabilitation therapies. The discovery of neurotransmitters: biochemistry in the service of neurology. Neural transplantation....

Autorentext

François Boller, M.D., Ph.D. has been co-Series Editor of the Handbook of Clinical Neurology since 2002. He.is a board-certified neurologist currently Professor of Neurology at the George Washington University Medical School (GW) in Washington, DC. He was born in Switzerland and educated in Italy where he obtained a Medical Degree at the University of Pisa. After specializing in Neurology at the University of Milan, Dr. Boller spent several years at the Boston VA and Boston University Medical School, including a fellowship under the direction of Dr. Norman Geschwind. He obtained a Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio where he was in charge of Neuroscience teaching at the Medical School and was nominated Teacher of the Year. In 1983, Dr. Boller became Professor of Neurology and Psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh where he founded and directed one of the first NIH funded Alzheimer Disease Research Centers in the country. In 1989, he was put in charge of a Paris-based INSERM Unit dedicated to the neuropsychology and neurobiology of cerebral aging. He returned to the United States and joined the NIH in 2005, before coming to GW in July 2014.

Dr. Boller's initial area of interest was aphasia and related disorders; he later became primarily interested in cognitive disorders and dementia with emphasis on the correlates of cognitive disorders with pathology, neurophysiology and imaging. He was one of the first to study the relation between Parkinson and Alzheimer disease, two processes that were thought to be unrelated. His current area of interest is Alzheimer's disease and related disorders with emphasis on the early and late stages of the disease. He is also interested in the history of Neurosciences and is Past President of the International Society for the History of Neurosciences. He was the founding Editor-in-Chief of the European Journal of Neurology, the official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies (now European Academy of Neurology). He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Neurology and a member of the American Neurological Association. In addition, he has chaired Committees within the International Neuropsychological Society, the International Neuropsychology Symposium, and the World Federation of Neurology (WFN). He has authored over 200 papers and books including the Handbook of Neuropsychology (Elsevier).

Klappentext

The discipline of neurology emerged in the second half of the 19th Century. With it, chairs and departments of neurology, training programs, specialized journals, and new societies came into being. This book examines the prehistory of neurology, its emergence with as an independent discipline, and how it developed throughout the world.

Inhalt

Part 1: Beginnings: Ancient trepanation. Mesopotamia. Neurology in ancient Egypt. Neurology in the Bible and the Talmud. The Greco-Roman world. After Galen: late antiquity and the Islamic world. Neurological conditions in the European Middle Ages. The development of neurology and the neurological Sciences in the 17th century. Understanding the nervous system in the 18th century. Part 2: Origins of Modern Neurology: The birth of localisation theory. On the use of animal experimentation in the history of neurology. The anatomical foundations of clinical neurology. The contributions of neurophysiology to clinical neurology: an exercise in contemporary history. Landmarks of surgical neurology and the interplay of disciplines. Jean-Marie Charcot and the anatomo-clinical method of neurology. History of the development of the neurological examination. Cognitive assessment in neurology. The origins of functional brain imaging in humans. Part 3: Further Developments of the Discipline: Visual images and neurological illustration. Neurological illustration: from photography to cinematography. Special hospitals in neurology and neurosurgery. A history of child neurology and neurodisability. The history of neuroendocrinology: "The spring of primitive existence". The coming of molecular biology and its impact on clinical neurology. Part 4: Dysfunctions of the Nervous System: Headache: a historical outline. A history of seizures and epilepsies: from the falling disease to dysrhythmias of the brain. A history of cerebro-vascular disease. A history of bacterial meningitis. Historical aspects of the major neurological vitamin deficiency disorders: Overview and fat-soluble vitamin A. Historical aspects of the major neurological vitamin deficiency disorders: The water-soluble B vitamins. Muscular dystrophy. Sensory and perceptual disorders. The history of movement disorders. The history of sleep medicine. The frontal lobes. The history of aphasia: from brain to language. Alexia and agraphia. Part 5: Regional Landmarks: American neurology. A historical overview of British neurolog…