Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation and theirs Effects

High-energy ultraviolet rays, X-rays, gamma rays are called ionizing radiation. Also constituting ionizing radiation are alpha and beta particles, protons, high-speed energetic electrons (negatrons), positrons, charged mesons, muons, heavy ions, neutrons, and other nuclear particles. Ionizing radiation have the ability to expel electrons from the atom or molecule and transform them into ions. They can damage DNA, causing mutations in their genetic codes and cancer. Burns and injuries from this type of radiation can occur due to radiation (diagnostic equipment and medical treatment: X-rays, radiotherapy, etc.) or contamination (nuclear accidents, wars, etc.). Electric and magnetic fields, radio frequency, microwaves, infrared, visible light, low energy ultraviolet are called non-ionizing radiation.Non-ionizing radiation does not have enough energy to convert molecules to ions, but it can produce heat (apparently reversible) to the molecules. Burns can occur due to this radiation, such as from ultraviolet light, laser, radiofrequencies,etc.Cases such as nuclear accidents such as Chernobyl is investigated. It is important to follow all safety and protection measures against radiation.

Autorentext

Giovanni Alcocer, Electronic Engineer, Master in Physics and Science in Astrophysics (Germany) and Medical Physics.Professor of Physics,Advanced Mathematics and excellent scientific researcher and Professor with various success research projects and author of the recognized articles:The Fundament of the Mass: Gravitation, Electromagnetism and Atom.