Logic: The Basics

Logic: the Basics is an accessible introduction to several core areas of logic. This thoroughly revised second edition not only comprehensively covers the standard topics in logic at an introductory level but also gives the reader an idea of how they can take their knowledge further. With its wealth of exercises (many of which have solutions in the encyclopedic online supplement) Logic: the Basics will be useful as a textbook in courses ranging from the introductory level to the early graduate level and also as a reference for students and researchers in philosophical logic.

Logic: The Basics is an accessible introduction to several core areas of logic. The first part of the book features a self-contained introduction to the standard topics in classical logic, such as:

· mathematical preliminaries

· propositional logic

· quantified logic (first monadic, then polyadic)

· English and standard 'symbolic translations'

· tableau procedures.

Alongside comprehensive coverage of the standard topics, this thoroughly revised second edition also introduces several philosophically important nonclassical logics, free logics, and modal logics, and gives the reader an idea of how they can take their knowledge further. With its wealth of exercises (solutions available in the encyclopedic online supplement), Logic: The Basics is a useful textbook for courses ranging from the introductory level to the early graduate level, and also as a reference for students and researchers in philosophical logic.

This work is an excellent and easily accessible resource material, especially for those interested to pursue further studies in advanced logic. It is a roadmap that tells you how to navigate your way in the forest of different logical theories. It serves as a gateway to the "plurality of logics". Jeremiah Joven Joaquin, De La Salle University, Manila. With this new edition, Logic thebasicsis the best introductory textbook for non-classical logic. It clearly introduces each new topic and shows how it connects to earlier chapters. It is a fantastic choice for introducing undergraduates to exciting developments in logic. Tracy Lupher, Co-director of the Logic and Reasoning Institute, James Madison University, USA

Autorentext

Jc Beall is Board of Trustees Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA; and Professor of Philosophy at the University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.

Shay Allen Logan is a Postdoctoral Scholar in Logic at North Carolina State University, USA.

Klappentext

Logic: The Basics is an accessible introduction to several core areas of logic. The first part of the book features a self-contained introduction to the standard topics in classical logic, such as: · mathematical preliminaries · propositional logic · quantified logic (first monadic, then polyadic) · English and standard 'symbolic translations' · tableau procedures. Alongside comprehensive coverage of the standard topics, this thoroughly revised second edition also introduces several philosophically important nonclassical logics, free logics, and modal logics, and gives the reader an idea of how they can take their knowledge further. With its wealth of exercises (solutions available in the encyclopedic online supplement), Logic: The Basics is a useful textbook for courses ranging from the introductory level to the early graduate level, and also as a reference for students and researchers in philosophical logic.

Zusammenfassung

Logic: The Basics is an accessible introduction to several core areas of logic. The first part of the book features a self-contained introduction to the standard topics in classical logic, such as:

· mathematical preliminaries

· propositional logic

· quantified logic (first monadic, then polyadic)

· English and standard 'symbolic translations'

· tableau procedures.

Alongside comprehensive coverage of the standard topics, this thoroughly revised second edition also introduces several philosophically important nonclassical logics, free logics, and modal logics, and gives the reader an idea of how they can take their knowledge further. With its wealth of exercises (solutions available in the encyclopedic online supplement), Logic: The Basics is a useful textbook for courses ranging from the introductory level to the early graduate level, and also as a reference for students and researchers in philosophical logic.

Inhalt

I BACKGROUND IDEAS

1 Consequences

1.1 Relations of support

1.2 Logical consequence: the basic recipe

1.3 Valid arguments and truth

1.4 Summary, looking ahead, and reading

2 Models, Modeled, and Modeling

2.1 Models

2.2 Models in science

2.3 Logic as modeling

2.4 A note on notation, metalanguages, etc.

2.5 Summary, looking ahead, and reading

3 Language, Form, and Logical Theories

3.1 Language and formal languages

3.2 Languages: syntax and semantics

3.3 Atoms, connectives, and molecules

3.4 Connectives and form

3.5 Validity and form

3.6 Logical theories: rivalry

3.7 Summary, looking ahead, and reading

4 Set-theoretic Tools

4.1 Sets

4.2 Ordered sets: pairs and n-tuples

4.3 Relations

4.4 Functions

4.5 Sets as tools

4.6 Summary and looking ahead

II THE BASIC CLASSICAL THEORY

5 Basic Classical Syntax and Semantics

5.1 Cases: complete and consistent

5.2 Classical 'truth conditions'

5.3 Basic classical consequence

5.4 Motivation: precision

5.5 Formal picture

5.6 Defined connectives

5.7 Some notable valid forms

5.8 Summary and looking ahead

6 Basic Classical Tableaux

6.1 What are tableaux?

6.2 Tableaux for the Basic Classical Theory

6.3 Summary and looking ahead

7 Basic Classical Translations

7.1 Atoms, Punctuation, and Connectives

7.2 Syntax, altogether

7.3 Semantics

7.4 Consequence

7.5 Summary and Looking Ahead

III FIRST-ORDER CLASSICAL THEORY

8 Atomic Innards: Unary

8.1 Atomic innards: names and predicates

8.2 Truth and falsity conditions for atomics

8.3 Cases, domains, and interpretation functions

8.4 Classicality

8.5 A formal picture

8.6 Summary and looking ahead

9 Everything and Something

9.1 Validity involving quantifiers

9.2 Quantifiers: an informal sketch

9.3 Truth and falsity conditions

9.4 A formal picture

9.5 Summary and looking ahead.

10 First-Order Language with Any-Arity Innards

10.1 Truth and falsity conditions for atomics

10.2 Cases, domains, and interpretation functions

10.3 Classicality

10.4 A formal picture

10.5 Summary and looking ahead

11 Identity

11.1 Logical expressions, forms, sentential forms

11.2 Validity involving identity

11.3 Identity: informal sketch

11.4 Truth conditions: informal sketch

11.5 Formal picture

11.6 Summary and looking ahead

12 Tableaux for First-Order Logic with Identity

12.1 A Few Reminders

12.2 Tableaux for Polyadic First-Order Logic

12.3 Summary and looking ahead

13 First-Order Translations

13.1 Basic Classical Theory with Innards

13.2 First-Order Classical Theory

13.3 Polyadic Innards

13.4 Examples in the polyadic language

13.5 Adding Identity

13.6 Summary and Looking Ahead

IV NONCLASSICAL THEORIES

14 Alternative Logical Theories

14.1 Apparent unsettledness

14.2 Apparent overdeterminacy

14.3 Options

14.4 Cases

14.5 Truth and falsity conditions

14.6 Logical Consequence

14.7 Summary, looking ahead, and reading

15 Nonclassical Sentential Logics

15.1 Syntax

15.2 Semantics, Broadly

15.3 Defined connectives

15.4 Some notable forms

15.5 Summary and looking ahead

16 Nonclassical First-order Theories

16.1 An Informal Gloss

16.2 A formal picture

16.3 Summary and looking ahead

17 Nonclassical Tableaux

17.1 Closure Conditions

17.2 Tableaux for Nonclassical First-Order Logics

17.3 Summary and looking ahead

18 Nonclassical Translations

18.1 Syntax and Semantics

18.2 Consequence

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