Meniere's disease

Meniere's disease, with a symptoms triad of vertigo, tinnitus and hearing disorders, was first reported as a disease of the inner ear by Prosper Meniere in 1861.MD is a multifactorial disorder where the onset of disease is determined by the combined effects of genetic factors and environmental factors.Its affecting approximately 50 to 200 per 100,000 and most common between the ages of 40 and 60 years with no significant sex predominance.The classical clinical symptoms of an attack of MD include episodic rotatory vertigo with spontaneous nystagmus, nausea and or vomiting, and ear symptoms such as, hearing loss, tinnitus and aural fullness.The course of the disease is generally variable, and the development of cochlear and vestibular symptoms may take years, in individual patients Cochlear symptoms may occur in between episodes of vertigo. The episodes of vertigo are usually more common in the first few years of illness also. Hearing loss and vestibular hypo function show a great variability among patients. Clinical classification to diagnose MD developed by the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNSF).

Autorentext

Professor Dr. Ahmed M. Al Abbasi, consultant otorhinolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon and subspecialized in skull base surgery, author of 12 books in many discipline in otorhinolaryngology and more than 40 research papers.