Paranapanema River Basin, Brazil:

In the River Basin Committees, prices are set according to criteria and in a participatory manner between water users, civil organisations and public authorities. The current panorama of the implementation of charging in the Paranapanema basin has different contexts in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, as well as in the Union. In the State of São Paulo, the three Committees have the implementation of the Charge for the Use of Water Resources at a more advanced stage. CBH-Pontal do Paranapanema and CBH-Médio Paranapanema implemented the charge in 2018. The CBH-Alto Paranapanema has its implementation proposal already approved by state decree. The State of Paraná and the Federal Government have not yet implemented charging and are in the process of preparing and approving their Basin Plans. In basins where the user is not charged for water use, inconsistent grant values are observed, because those granted use this tool as a market reserve, as there is no incentive for rationalisation or inspection.

Autorentext

Irene Domenes Zapparoli est titulaire d'une licence en économie de l'UEL (1981), d'une maîtrise en économie rurale - UFRGS (1990). Études doctorales à l'Institute of Education / London University (2001 à 2004) et doctorat en éducation : histoire, politique, société et sciences sociales - PUC/SP (2007). Professeur associé au département d'économie - CESA/UEL.