Smart Retrofitting as a Structured Approach for an Organization to Implement Industry 4.0 Using its Existing Resources

This thesis focuses on the development of a structured approach to empower organizations to individually implement Industry 4.0 based on their corporate culture, challenges and needs using the existing human and material resources within the organization. Thereby, the Smart Retrofitting approach has been conceived to support the hypothesis that the retrofitting is the most practical and suitable solution for any size of organization to enable in the implementation of Industry 4.0.

The work described in this thesis focuses on the development of a structured approach to empower organizations to individually implement Industry 4.0 based on their corporate culture, challenges and needs using the existing human and material resources within the organization. Thereby, the Smart Retrofitting approach has been conceived which supports the hypothesis that the retrofitting of existing equipment is the most practical and suitable solution for any size of organization to engage in the implementation of Industry 4.0. The Smart part of the Smart Retrofitting focus on spreading the Industry 4.0 throughout an organization independent of its size through a continuous implementation process and a Top-down Bottom-up strategy. Implementing aspects of Industry 4.0 in their existing production equipments fulfilling the organization's established targets and demands for Industry 4.0 is the main target of the Retrofitting part of the Smart Retrofitting approach. A change management model was developed based on the Smart Retrofitting Approach aiming to fulfill its values and purposes. The Smart Retrofitting Change Management model pursues the involvement of all employees within an organization. In order to implement the desiered Industry 4.0 vision, the Smart Retrofitting Change Management Model promotes a roadmap Smart Retrofitting Roadmap assembled in a Top-down Bottom-up strategy. In this model, the middle and lower hierarchical employees will design and execute short-, medium- and long-term projects for the implementation of Industry 4.0 within their daily business activities following the Industry 4.0 vision of their organization. In addition, the Smart Retrofitting Change Management Model suggests that the organization creates a Smart Retrofitting Agent Network which shall empower the employees from all different hierarchical levels of the organization to exchange knowledge and support each other in their activities concerning the implementation process of Industry 4.0. The validation of the Smart Retrofitting approach occurrs gradually by applying it at a single production equipment up to a global acting organization like Henkel AG & Company, KGaA at their Adhesives Technologies business unit.