Ultraclean Surface Processing of Silicon Wafers

This book summarizes the knowledge and experience of the successful Japanese semiconductor companies. For the first time the secrets of processing of semiconductor surfaces for device production are disclosed. All the people and companies involved in manufacturing of silicon-based semiconductor devices should have this book.

Handbook on most advanced technologies in surface processing of silicon wafers.

Autorentext
Takeshi Hattori does research and development of cellular systems, paging systems, maritime systems, and advanced cordless systems at NTT.

Inhalt
I. Introduction.- 1. Ultraclean Technology for VLSI Manufacturing: An Overview.- II. Influence of Contamination on Silicon Device Characteristics.- 2. Influence of Silicon Crystal Quality on Device Characteristics.- 3. Influence of Contaminants on Device Characteristics.- 4. Influence of Metallic Contamination on Dielectric Degradation of MOS Structures.- 5. Influence of Micro-Roughness on Device Characteristics.- III. Mechanisms of Particle Adhesion on Wafer Surfaces.- 6. Particle Deposition in Air.- 7. Particle Deposition in Plasma.- 8. Particle Deposition in Vacuum.- 9. Particle Adhesion in Liquids.- 10. Particle Adhesion and Removal on Wafer Surfaces in RCA Cleaning.- 11. Effects of Electrostatic Charge on Particle Adhesion on Wafer Surfaces.- IV. Analysis and Evaluation of Silicon Wafer Surfaces: Fundamentals.- 12. Measurement of Particles on Wafer Surfaces.- 13. Analysis and Evaluation of Impurities on Wafer Surfaces.- 14. Analysis and Evaluation of Molecules Adhered to Wafer Surfaces.- 15. Electrical Evaluation of Metallic Impurities on Wafer Surfaces.- 16. Analysis of Microscopic Areas on Wafer Surfaces Using STM/AFM.- V. Analysis and Evaluation of Wafer Surfaces: Applications to Semiconductor Manufacturing Lines.- 17. Detection and Analysis of Particles in Production Lines.- 18. Pattern Defect Monitoring in Production Lines.- 19. Clean Level Monitoring in Production Lines.- 20. Analysis of Defects in Devices and Silicon Crystals in Production Lines.- VI. Ultraclean Technology for Wafer Processes and Equipment.- 21. Oxidation and Diffusion.- 22. CVD (Part 1): Atmospheric Pressure/Low-Pressure CVD.- 23. CVD (Part 2): Plasma CVD.- 24. CVD (Part 3): Metal CVD.- 25. Physical Vapor Deposition.- 26. Dry Etching (Part 1): Particulate Contamination Due to Dry Etching.-27. Dry Etching (Part 2): Influence of Chemical Contamination and Defects on Dry Etching.- 28. Ion Implantation.- 29. Lithography.- 30. CMP.- 31. Cluster Tools.- VII. Cleaning Silicon Wafer Surfaces.- 32. Trends in Wafer Cleaning Technology.- 33. Wet Cleaning (Part 1): Removal of Particulate Contaminants.- 34. Wet Cleaning (Part 2): Removal of Metallic Contaminants.- 35. Wet Cleaning (Part 3): Removal of Organic Contaminants.- 36. Wet Cleaning (Part 4): Micro-Roughness and COPs Created by SC-1.- 37. Wafer Drying After Wet Cleaning.- 38. Watermarks: Generation, Control, and Removal.- 39. Physical Cleaning.- 40. Dry Cleaning.- VIII. Wafer-Cleaning-Related Issues.- 41. HF Vapor Cleaning Technology.- 42. Native Oxide Films and Chemical Oxide Films.- 43. Hydrogen Termination: The Ideally Finished Silicon Surface.- 44. Adsorption of Organic Volatiles on Silicon Surfaces and Their Removal by Wet Cleaning.- 45. Wafer Carrier Cleaning.- 46. Goals for Next-Generation Wafer Cleaning Technology.